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Work Safety and Safety Devices in Brazilian Wood Sawmills for the Improvement of Working Conditions

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Abstract

Workplace safety is essential to ensure the health and integrity of the worker. Sawmills are known for high risk and severe accidents, especially involving circular saws, tenoners and jointers, which can, however, be prevented through the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), employee training, and safety measures on machines and equipment. The aim of this study was to present a compilation of the data presented in the literature about the main risks in sawmills, regulatory standards, the construction of a safety system, and the safety devices to be used. To choose the best safety methods, it is crucial to evaluate the types of risks present. Among the most common risks in sawmill machinery are mechanical, electrical, thermal, noise-induced, vibration-induced, caused by materials and substances, and disregarding of ergonomic principles. To reduce these risks, sawmills should have action plans that comply with regulatory standards, such as the use of PPE, machinery and equipment protection, demarcation of danger zones, workplace cleanliness, and operator training. Safety devices used in sawmills help reduce accidents and should be chosen based on machine’s use, the nature and frequency of access, types of risks, and the probability and severity of injury. For circular saws, risks can be minimized through the use of basic protections such as a splitter and guards, in addition to a push device for wood pieces. Tenoners and jointers present higher risks with sharp tools in contact with body parts, protective guarding in hazardous areas is recommended. In all cases, the use of personal protective equipment is essential.

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